سونا اتاقی ساختهشده از سنگ یا چوب است و بهمنظور بهرهگیری از هوای گرم در حالت خشک یا مرطوب به هیتر نیاز دارد. سونا با کمک به افزایش جریان خون، اکسیژن و مواد مغذی را به ماهیچهها میرساند و به آنها کمک میکند پس از خستگی یا آسیب بهبود پیدا کنند. استفاده از سونا برای دردهای عضلانی بسیار مفید است. طب چینی گرمادرمانی را مسبب بهبود فقدان تعادلی که به درد جسمی، ذهنی و حتی رنج منجر میشود میداند.
در ادامهی این مطلب از بلاگ شبکه تخفیف راکبی به مزایای حضور در سونا خواهیم پرداخت.
استفاده از سونا: گرما برای درمان
مفهوم استفاده از گرما برای درمان موضوع جدیدی نیست و سالهای زیادی است که مکانهایی با خدمات گرمادرمانی جهت بهبود سلامتی جسمانی و ذهنی و حتی تفریح تاسیس شدهاند.
جولیا آدامیان، رئیس بخش عمومی پزشکی نوآوری بالینی در بیمارستان «NYU Langone Tisch» در گفتوگو با مجلهی ووگ، با اشاره به سونا و حمام سنتی بیان کرده است: «فرهنگهای متفاوت در سراسر دنیا، از ابتدا گرمادرمانی را برای بهبود شرایط جسم و ذهن مورد استفاده قرار دادهاند؛ لژهای عرق سرخپوستان آمریکا، بانیاهای روسی، چشمههای آب گرم، حمان سنتی ترکیه و … از ویژگیهای جوانکننده و شادابیبخش گرما استفاده میکنند.»
انواع سونا
بیشتر مطالعات روی سونای سنتی فنلاند یعنی سونای خشک متمرکز بوده است. این سوناها که معمولا گرمای خشک دارند، بین ۸۰ تا ۱۱۰ درجه سانتیگرد و رطوبت ۱۰ تا ۲۰ درصد هستند، که رطوبت آن گاهی با ریختن آب روی سنگهای گرمشده و ایجاد بخار اضافی، افزایش مییابد.
سوناهای مادونقرمز مقداری خنکترند و دمایی بین ۴۵ تا ۶۰ درجه سانتیگراد دارند. این شرایط از طریق طول موج مادون قرمز شکل میگیرد.
و درنهایت سونای بخار یا مرطوب، دمایی بین ۷۰ تا ۱۰۰ درجه سانتیگراد و رطوبتی بیش از ۵۰ درصد دارد.
مزایای استفاده از سونا

استفاده از سونا و گرمایی که میدهد، سیستم عصبی سمپاتیک و مسیرهای کنترلکننده حرارت بدن را برای تاثیر مثبت فعال میکند. در ادامه به تعدادی از مزایای خوب سونا اشاره شده است.
بهبود گردش و فشارخون
طبق نظر برخی کارشناسان قرار گرفتن در معرض گرما باعث گشاد شدن رگهای خونی میشود و در ادامه میتواند به بهبود گردش خون منجر شود. گشاد شدن رگهای خونی ممکن است به کاهش فشارخون و افزایش جریان خون به قسمتهای متفاوت بدن از جمله قلب کمک کند.
کمک به سلامت قلبی و عروقی
استفاده از سونا میتواند به سلامت قلب کمک کند. دکتر آدامیان بعد از پژوهشهای زیادی که در این زمینه داشته معتقد است: « درباره درمان حرارتی منظم که عمدتا در مورد سونای خشک وجود دارد عملکرد عروقی در بیماران قلبی، بهبود یافته است.» از دیدگاه این پزشک سونای خشک، اکسیژنرسانی و عملکرد لایه درونرگی را که با سلامت قلب مرتبط است بهتر میکند.
البته توجه داشته باشید که بسته به شرایط هر فرد و بیماریهای زمینهای مشورت با پزشک قبل از استفاده از سونا ضروری است.
کمک به سلامت روان
یکی از مهمترین مزایای سونا، تاثیر آن بر سلامت روان افراد است. ترکیب گرمادرمانی در برنامه منظم خودمراقبتی، میتواند مکمل مثبتی برای ارتقای آرامش و سلامت ذهن باشد. حضور صحیح و منظم در سونا میتواند برای خواب بهتر، ترشح اندورفین و تقویت ارتباط ذهن و بدن که تمرکز برگرما و سکون است موثر باشد.
بهبود تنش عضلانی

گرمادرمانی با افزایش جریان خون، که اکسیژن و مواد مغذی را به ماهیچهها میرساند کمک میکند پس از خستگی یا آسیب بهبود ایجاد شود و برای تسکین درد، بهویژه دردهای عضلانی، مفید واقع شود. تحریک گیرندههای حسی بدن با قرارگیری در معرض گرما قبل و بعد از تمرین، به ترمیم و بازسازی عضلات و انعطافپذیری، کاهش انقباضات و در نتیجه، کاهش خطر آسیب در جریان فعالیتهای ورزشی و زندگی روزمره یاری رساند.
سونا و سلامت پوست
سونا باعث افزایش گردش خون و تعریق مناسب میشود و از این راه به پاکسازی منافذ، سمزدایی و جوانسازی پوست منجر میشود. تحقیقات نشان داده است که قرار گرفتن در معرض اشعهی مادونقرمز شاید باعث شود که فیبروبلاستهای تحریکشده، تولید طبیعی کلاژن و الاستین را بالا ببرند که به شفاف و یکدستشدن پوست میانجامد.
کلام آخر
سونا از مکانهایی است که علاوه بر حس آرامش اعصاب و روان، به افراد در بهبود سلامتی جسم نیز کمک میکند. البته شرایط افراد با یکدیگر متفاوت است و برای کسب اطمینان بهتر است قبل از استفاده از سونا با پزشک خود مشورت کنید. به افرادی که به انواع بیماریهای قلبی و عروقی، ریوی و یا واریس مبتلا هستند، رفتن به سونا پیشنهاد نمیشود.

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